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读优秀作文：乐观,积累（含生词、难句、语法等知识点拓展）
Be an Optimist
If you change your mind--from pessimism to optimism--you can change your life.
----Claipe Safran
Do you see the glass as half—full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these cliches are scientificquestions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking. Research is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linkedto depression, loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills.
Your habits count but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will. In part, that’s because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways. When things go wrong the pessimist tends to blame himself. “I’m not good at this.” “I always fail.” He would say. But the optimist looks for loopholes. Negative or positive, it was a self-fulfillingprophecy. If people feel hopeless they don’t bother to acquire the skills they need to succeed.
A sense of control is the litmus test for success. The optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he acts quickly, looking for solutions, forming a new plan of action, and reaching out for advice. The pessimist feels like fate’s plaything and moves slowly. He doesn’t seek advice, since he assumes nothing can be done. Many studies suggest that the pessimist’s feeling of helplessnessundermines the body’s natural defenses, the immune system. Research has found that the pessimist doesn’t take good care of himself. Feeling passive and unable to dodgelife’s blows, he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does. He munches on junk food, avoids exercise, ignores the doctor, has another drink.
Most people are a mix of optimism and pessimism, but are inclined in one direction or the other. It is a pattern of thinking learned at our mothers’ knees. It grows out of thousands of cautions or encouragements, negative statements or positive ones. Too many “don’t” and warnings of danger can make a child feel incompetent, fearful—and pessimistic. Pessimism is a hard habit to break—but it can be done.课堂笔记
态度决定一切：
Attitude counts!
1. Rather than （=instead of)
Rather than do / to do / doing
2.Cliché
陈腐的想法 (over-used technique) 陈旧方法
• the car chase is a cinema cliché 追车戏是电影中的老一套
同义：routine常规
Reading every morning has become a routine to me.
3. scrutinize 检查 （check, examine)
4. By contrast
Contra-相反
Contradict反驳
On the contrary
[+ between ]
the economic and social contrasts between the poor and the rich
贫富之间的经济和社会差异
While there are similarities in the two cultures, there are also great contrasts.
这两种文化虽然有许多相似之处，但也有巨大的差异。
5.Be linked to --》link ...sth. To
Be connected with-->connect ...with...
6.Depression-->depressed
7. inoculate sb. Against sth.
8.看一个是否能成功--》利用的时间的习惯，克制内心的欲望
Count: count for anything
What counts is that...
Sth counts
=matter
=be of importance / significance
=essential, crucial, critical
=be the key to...
The quality of your relationship __determines__ whether you can be socially successful. Having a few truly close friends is what really ___counts_____
9.Tend to do =There is a tendency for sb to do...
10.Blame-->be to blame for...
Blame sth on sb.
He is the one to blame.
11.Fulfill one’s dream / ambition / goal
12.Bother to do sth
13.Acquire the knowledge
Obtain, gain, achieve
14.Sth. Is the litmus/acid test for sth.
The task is the litmus test for your professional skills.
15.Reach out for advice
16. Seek advice = ask for advice = __turn__ to sb. for advice
17.Assume 假设
Assume the responsibility / a beautiful look
Assume that...
18.Undermine破坏
Criticism just undermines their confidence.批评只是削弱了他们的信心。
undermine sb's confidence / authority / position / credibility etc
The constant criticism was beginning to undermine her confidence.
不断的批评开始削弱她的信心了。
19.Immune
~ (to sth)不受影响:You'll eventually become immune to criticism. 你终究会变得不在乎批评了。
不受影响的： to be immune to flattery/temptation 不为奉承/诱惑所动
20.Dodge躲避=hide from = avoid = flee = provide an escape from
21.munch on
22. a mix of A and B
23. Incline (使)倾向于,有…的趋势:
I incline to the view that we should take no action at this stage. 我倾向于认为我们在这个阶段不应采取行动。
incline sb to do sth
The accident inclined him to reconsider his career.这次意外事件使他重新考虑起他的职业。
Decline下降
24.Caution -->cautious
25. Encouragement-->It is an encouragement to do sth.
26. Competence 能力
Compete竞争--》competent有能力
拓展造句
思考：（抛砖引玉）
How can you get rid of the negative mood?
Running provides me with an escape from bad mood.
Appreciating music is an outlet for negative feelings.
Playing basketball can help dodge the depression.
