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读优秀作文：抱负（含生词、难句、语法等知识点拓展）
Ambition抱负
It is not difficult to imagine a world short of ambition. It would probably be a kinder world: without demands, without abrasions，withoutdisappointments. People would have time for reflection. Such work as they did would not be for themselves but for the collectivity. Competition would never enter in. Conflict would be eliminated, tension become a thing of the past. The stress of creation would be at an end. Art would no longer be troubling, but purely celebratory in its functions. Longevity would be increased, for fewer people would die of heart attack or stroke caused by tumultuous endeavor. Anxiety would be extinct. Time would stretch on and on, with ambition long departed from the human heart.
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讲解：
1. be short of 缺乏= be lacking in
for lack of
a shortage of
2. abrasion/əˈbreɪʒn/ noun
3. refletion反省；思考
reflect on
4. as引导的定语从句：such/so…as…;the same…as; As is reported/shown
5. eliminate [ɪ'lɪm.ɪ.neɪt] verb to remove or take away 排除；消除；清除(rid)
A move towards healthy eating could help eliminate heartdisease.养成健康的饮食习惯有助于消除心脏病诱因
6. tension紧张－－》adj. tense
Exams invariably give rise to tension.
7. end: at an end; put an end to…结束
8. in one’s functions在功能上
9. Longevity|lɒnˈdʒevəti|noun(ofperson, animal)长寿(ofidea, tradition)持久
We wish you both health andlongevity. 我们祝愿您俩健康长寿。
He prides himself on the longevity of the company. 他为公司悠久的历史而感到骄傲。
10. tumultuous |tjuːˈmʌltjʊəs,American tuːˈm-| adjective
(noisy)喧嚣的‹cheers,crowds,meeting›;热烈的‹welcome,applause›
11. Endeavour British, endeavor American |ɪnˈdevə(r)|
A verb (try) 努力 =struggle/strive
• to endeavour to do [something] 努力做某事
B noun Countable (attempt) 尝试 =effort
• to make every endeavour to do[something] 想方设法做某事
12. Anxiety 焦虑
13. extinct灭绝的
14. with ambition long departed from the human heart
depart背离
• you have departed from youroriginal theory 你违背了你最初的理论
• to depart from one's usualroutine 一改通常的做法
Ah, how unrelievedly boring life wouldbe?
15. There is a strong view that…
16. myth神话；（许多人相信的〕错误观念，荒诞说法;
▪ [+ of ]
the myth of male superiority男性优越的错误思想
myth that
the myth that wisdom accompanies old age越老越有智慧的错误观念
Contrary to popular myth , the majority of accidents are not caused by speeding ordrunkenness.
与人们的普遍看法相反，大多数事故都不是超速驾驶或醉酒驾驶所造成的。
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There is a strong view that holds that success is a myth, and ambition therefore a sham. Does this mean that success does not really exist? That achievement is at bottom empty? That efforts of men and women are of no significance alongside the force of movements and events? Now not all success, obviously, is worth esteeming, norall ambition worth cultivating. Which are and which are not is something one soon enough learns on one's own. But even the most cynical, secretly admit that success exists; that achievement counts for a great deal; and that the truemyth is that the actions of men and women are useless. To believe otherwise is to take on a point of view that is likely to be deranging. It is, in its implications, to remove all motives for competence, in attainment, and regard for posterity.
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讲解：
17. sham假像；骗局；假冒者；冒牌货
•It turned out that he wasn't a real doctor at all - he was just a sham.原来他根本就不是个真正的医生，只是个骗子而已。
•They claimed that the election had been fair, but really it was a sham.他们声称选举是公平的，但事实上这是个骗局。
18. be of no significance不重要
19. esteem [ɪ'sti:m] 尊敬，敬重；好评
•There has been a drop in public esteem for teachers.大众对教师的尊重程度有所下降。
•Because of their achievements they were held in (= given)(high) esteem.他们的成就使他们备受尊重。
Her work is highly esteemed byall her colleagues.她所有的同事对她的工作都十分推崇。
20. be worth doing值得做
21. cultivate培养+thehabit of doing
22. cynical愤世嫉俗者
23. count for much非常重要
24. take on a point of view that相信什么
25. derange|dɪˈreɪndʒ|使精神错乱
• mentally deranged 精神错乱的
26. implication |ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn| noun
1. 暗示
• by implication 暗指地
• the implication is that ... 含意是…
2. 可能的结果
• to have serious or grave implications (for [something]) （对某事）可能产生严重后果
27. competence能力
28. attainment成就
unrelievedly持续不断的；未减轻的；未得到缓解的
•unrelievedpoverty/suffering/sadness/ 未消除的穷困/未减轻的痛苦/未减轻的悲伤
29. regard关心
30. posterity后代
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We do not choose to be born. We do not choose our parents. We do not choose our historical epoch, the country of our birth, or the immediate circumstances of our upbringing. We do not, most of us, choose to die; nor do choose the time or conditions of our death. But within all this realm of choicelessness, we do choose how we shall live, courageously or in cowardice, honorably or dishonorably, with purpose or in drift. We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But nomatter how indifferent the universe to our choices and decisions, these choicesand decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide andchoose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition about.
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31.epoch时代
32. upbringing成长
33.circumstance环境
34.realm领域
35.courageously勇敢地
36.in cowardice胆小地
37. trivial微不足道的
38.destiny命运
