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动词的时态重点难点解析讲解与练习
一 动词的基本形式一览表
形式 变化规则 构成方法 例词
原形 see, finish, teach
现在时第三人称单数形式 一般情况 加-s look→looks, write→writes
以ch, sh, s, x结尾 加-es teach→teaches, finish→finishes
guess→guesses, mix→mixes
以o结尾 加-es do→does, go→goes
以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-es try→tries, cry→cries
过去式过去分词规则变化 一般情况 加-ed stay→stayed, look→looked
以不发音e结尾 直接加-d decide→decided, hope→hoped
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped, admit→admitted
以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-ed carry→carried, try→tried
现在分词 一般情况 加-ing go→going, read→reading
以不发音e结尾 去e，再加-ing have→having, write→writing以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ing cut→cutting, run→running
二 常用10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表
时 态 构 成 常用时间状语
一般现在时 动词原形
（第三人称单数+s等） always, usually, often, sometimes, every…,etc.
一般过去时 动词过去式 yesterday, the day before yesterday, the other day, last…,…ago, etc.
一般将来时 will（shall）+动词原形 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next…, in two days, etc.
be going to+动词原形
过去将来时 would+动词原形 多用于间接引语的宾语从句中
将来进行时 will（shall）+be+现在分词 at eight（this time）tomorrow, etc.
现在进行时 am（is, are）+现在分词 now, during these days, etc.
过去进行时 was（were）+现在分词 at eight（this time）yesterday, etc.
现在完成时 have（has）+过去分词 already, just, yet, since, for…, etc.
过去完成时 had+过去分词 by…,before, etc.
现在完成进行时 have（has）+been+现在分词 for…, since…, etc.
Several years ago, a well-known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him to even __21__ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 500 chance of survival.
Despite the diagnosis (诊断), Cousins was __22__ to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which __23__ the idea of how body chemistry and health can be __24__ by emotional stress and negative attitudes. The book made Cousins __25__ the possible benefit of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the will to 1ive have positive treatment value?”
He decided to __26__ positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would __27__ positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He __28__ time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out positive emotions. Within eight days of starting his ‘‘laugh therapy” program his pain began to __29__ and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able to return to work in a few months’ time and actually __30__ complete recovery after a few years.
21. A. run B. pass C. move D. travel
22. A. devoted B. determined C. planned D. forced
23. A. discussed B. explained C. presented D. demonstrated
24. A. killed B. ruined C. damaged D. influenced
25. A. remind of B. learn from C. refer to D. think about
26. A. concentrate on B. pick up C. absorb in D. care about
27. A. make up B. set about C. put up D. bring about
28. A. arranged B. appointed C. offered D. afforded
29. A. escape B. decrease C. recover D. end
30. A. received B. sought C. reached D. recognized
答案：21---25 CBACD 26---30 ADABC
