疑问代词英语语法总结要点清单讲练
疑问代词
1) 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:
指人: who, whom, whose
指物: what
既可指人又可指物: which
2) 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除 who 之外也没有格的变化。
what, which, whose 还可作限定词。试比较:
疑问代词:Whose are these books on the desk?
桌上的书是谁的?
What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?
限定词:Whose books are these on the desk?
桌上的书是谁的?
What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part ofthe United States?哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?
说明 1:
无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和what 所指的范围不同。what 所指的范围是无限的,而which 则指在一定的范围内,例如:
Which girls do you like best?
你喜欢哪几个姑娘?
What girls do you like best?
你喜欢什么样的姑娘?
说明 2:
Whom 是 who 的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用 who代替,但在介词后只能用 whom, 例如:
Who(m) did you meet on the street?
你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)
Who(m) are you taking thebook to?
你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)
To whom did you speak on the campus?
你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用 who 取代。)
说明 3:
疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:
For what domost people live and work?
大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)
What are you looking for?
你在找什么?(现代英语)
说明 4:
疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:
Ican'tmake out what he is driving at.
我不知道他用意何在。
Can you tell me whose is the blueshirt on the bed?
你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。
高效演练
单句语法填空
1.[2017·福建福州十三中高三期中]Once there lived a richman who wanted todo ________for the people of his town.
2.[2017·湖南衡阳八中二模]________changed colour,one white,the otherred.
3.[2017·福州十三中高三期中]All of them complained about the stone but none of them tried to remove________.
4.[2017·江西南昌高三联考]Nowadays,school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon,________ calling for our great concern.
5.[2017·山东肥城二中月考]Atthe end of the five minutes,no one could find ________(they) own ballon.
答案:1.something
2.Both
3.it
4.something
5.their