高考英语动词或情态动词短语表示“一定”
在英语中表示指导、教育、告诫、批评或预测时,人们常常会用到与“一定”“务必”这样的表达。这些表达方式在现行中学英语教材和教学辅导资料中俯拾皆是。
[情态动词或情态动词短语表示“一定”]
1. 情态动词must表示“必须;一定”,说明某人的义务或责任,也可用于对某一事实作肯定的推测。如:
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe.
在审判中,法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信,哪些证人不能相信。
2. 情态动词should表示“应该”,说明某人的义务,should还可以表示对第三方未来情形的推测,译作“会”。如:
Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!
你的父母和你的学校都会为你感到非常骄傲。
3. 情态动词have to表示“不得不”。例如:
On the football team Im a striker so I have to be able to run very fast.
在足球队里我是前锋,因此我必须能跑得很快。
4. 用情态动词ought to表示“应该”,说明某人的义务。和should一样,ought to也能表示对第三方未来情形的推测,译作“会”。如:By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. But not today!
这个钟点他的餐厅本该宾客盈门,但今天不是!
Once lost in the forest, you ought to remain where you are waiting for help.
你一旦在森林中迷路,就一定要待在你迷路的地方等候援助。
[普通动词短语表示“一定”]
1. be forced to do表示“被迫做……”,某种角度上也与“义务”有关。例如:
Owing to rough weather, the coast guard had been forced to abandon the search.
由于气候恶劣,海岸卫兵被迫放弃搜索。
2. be obliged to do表示“被迫/必须做……”。如:
Parents are obliged by law to send their children to school.
法律规定父母必须送子女入学。
3. be supposed to do表示“应该”,后接动词原形。如:
The match was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we had to postpone it.
比賽本该在星期二举行,但我们不得不把它推迟。
4. be destined for sth.或be destined to do表示“注定;预定”。如:
He was destined for a military career, like his◇◇her before him.
他命中注定要步父亲的后尘过戎马生涯。
5. be bound to do表示“一定做……”,说明某人有责任或义务做某事。如:
Youve done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam.
你已经做了这么多工作,那你一定能够通过考试。
6. “be doomed to+名词/动词原形”表示“一定”。如:
It is clear that the whole project is doomed to failure without enough technological support.
很清楚——没有足够的技术支持整个计划注定要失败。
7. see to it that表示“一定;务必”。如:
Will you see to it that this letter gets mailed today?
请务必今天把这封信寄出去,好吗?
[“be+不定式”表示将来必然]
I read in the newspaper today that you are to be the architect for the new Bankstown cinema.
今天我从报上了解到,您将会成为班克斯敦新影院的建筑设计师。