高考英语必备语法知识点1语法知识点2语法知识点3
语法知识点1
1.as...as...引导的比较级:
(1)“as +形容词或副词原级+ as+被比较对象”结构。例句: He studies as hard as you. 他像你一样学习努力。
(2)在否定句或疑问句中可用 not so…as…. 例句:He can not run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
2.only引导的倒装句型:only +状语 (或状语从句)位于句首时,句子部分倒装。
例句: Only by diligence and honesty can one succeed in life. 只有勤奋、正直,一个人在生活中才能成功。
注意:但 only修饰主语时,不倒装。例句: Only that girl knew how to work out the problem. 只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。
3.wish引导的虚拟语气:wish 后面的从句,当表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望时,其宾语从句的动词形式为:
(1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式表示,be 的过去式用were.
I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。(可惜不知道。)
(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词用had +过去分词。
I wish (that) I hadn’t wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。( 实际上已经浪费掉了。)
(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:谓语动词形式为“would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形”。在这种情况下,主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现,取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动作名词除外) 。I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止。
注意:若wish 后的宾语从句中用 would,可以表示请求,通常意味着说话人的不快或不满。
例句:I wish you would be quiet. 我希望你安静一些。
4.it形式宾语:和it 作形式主语一样, 我们常用it 来作形式宾语, 把真正的宾语从句放在句末, 这种情况尤其出现在带复合宾语的句子中。
例句:He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他表明他不会屈服。
5.The+比较级,the+比较级 表示“越.....越......"
例句:The more scared we are, the stronger the difficulty will become。我们越害怕困难,困难就会变得越强大。
语法知识点2
1. 宾语从句:一般疑问句做宾语,引入if或whether
例句: I want to know if he will join us in the discussion?
2. 原因状语从句:since引导的
例句: Don’t eat too much sugar since it is bad for your health.
3. 否定词前置倒装:scarcely...when。.
例句: Scarcely had he arrived at home when it began to rain.
4. If虚拟条件句
跟现在事实相反 一般过去式(be用were) would/should/might/could +动原
跟过去事实相反 had+done would/should/might/could+have done
跟将来事实相反 should+动原;were to do sth would/should/might/could +动原
5. 宾语从句:放在介词后面,作介词的宾语。
例句:I know nothing about him except that he used to work in Shanghai.
6.状语从句省略(分词作状语):从句的主语和状语从句的主语一致,状从省略采用分词作状语。例句:
(Because) being short of money, we can’t afford a TV set. =Because we are short of money, we can’t afford a TV set.
语法知识点3
1.并列句:由and, or , but连接的两个句子成为并列句。
2.省略句 /倒装:so/系动词/助动词/情态动词 +sb 表示“前者情况适用于后者”。例句:
You are a student, so am I.
3.定语从句 who引导的限定性定从。例句:
Do you remember the girl who taught us English ?你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗?
5.倒装:否定词seldom前移,句子倒装。例句:Seldom did he speak.
4.宾语从句:whether的用法。例句:I wonder if/whether it is going to rain tomorrow.
5.不定式做定语。例句:The only way to solve our problems will continue to be rejected.
6.原因状从:now that的用法。now that 表示 “既然”。与 since 的不同之处在于,now that 引出的必须是一个新出现的事实或情况,如果依然如故,和过去相比并没有变化,则不用 now that 引导。
例句:Now that we have all the materials ready, we should begin the new task at once。既然我们把所有材料都准备好了,我们应该立刻开始这项新的工作。
7. 原因状从:for的用法。由because 引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用并列连词 for 来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用 for 。例句:He is absent today, because/for he is ill. 他今天没来,因为他生病了。
8. 原因状从:as 的用法。例句:The Singapore passengers begin to decrease as other airlines spread their operating range.
9. 同位语从句:I want to know the answer to this question who will be our next president.
原因状从: in that的用法。例句:
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. 私营化的优点在于能促进相互竞争。
10. 不定式:不定式做目的状语。例句:We get up very early to catch the first bus.